Associação entre paracoccidioidomicose e câncer / Association between paracoccidioidomycosis and cancer

OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre paracoccidioidomicose (Pcm) e câncer e realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre esse tópico. MÉTODOS: Revisão retrospectiva de 25 casos diagnosticados com Pcm e câncer, extraídos de uma série de 808 casos consecutivos de pacientes adultos diagnosticados com Pcm com base nos testes realizados no Laboratório de Micologia da Santa Casa Complexo Hospitalar de Porto Alegre (RS), entre 1972 e 2007. O diagnóstico de Pcm foi confirmado através de exame microscópico direto, exame histopatológico ou imunodifusão. Todos os casos de câncer foram confirmados por exame histopatológico ou citopatológico. RESULTADOS: Sintomas respiratórios foram as principais queixas dos pacientes. O envolvimento pulmonar foi o achado mais predominante, seguido pelo tegumentar e linfático. O tipo de tumor mais prevalente foi o carcinoma brônquico, em 15 casos, seguido de outros tipos de carcinoma, e 1 paciente apresentou linfoma de Hodgkin. Em 16 pacientes (64 por cento), o sítio de Pcm era o mesmo do tumor. Na maioria dos casos, o tratamento de Pcm consistiu na administração isolada de sulfanilamida, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim, cetoconazol, itraconazol ou anfotericina B. A cirurgia foi o tratamento mais comum para o câncer, seguida de radioterapia e quimioterapia. Dos 25 pacientes, 12 foram curados para Pcm, e 4 faleceram. Em 9, o desfecho final era desconhecido. A prevalência de câncer de pulmão na população geral na área em estudo foi significativamente maior em fumantes com Pcm que em fumantes sem Pcm (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: .O diagnóstico de Pcm parece aumentar o risco de câncer de pulmão.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between paracoccidioidomycosis (Pcm) and cancer in a series of 25 cases and to review the literature on this topic. METHODS: A retrospective review of 25 cases diagnosed with Pcm and cancer, retrieved from a series of 808 consecutive adult patients diagnosed with Pcm based on tests conducted in the Mycology Laboratory of the Santa Casa Complexo Hospitalar, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, between 1972 and 2007. The diagnosis of Pcm was confirmed by means of direct microscopic examination, histopathological examination or immunodiffusion test. All cancer cases were confirmed by histopathological or cytopathological examination. RESULTS: Respiratory symptoms were the principal complaints of the patients evaluated. Pulmonary involvement predominated, followed by skin and lymph node involvement. The most prevalent tumor was bronchial carcinoma, in 15 patients, followed by other types of carcinoma, and 1 patient had Hodgkin's lymphoma. In 16 patients (64 percent), the site of the Pcm was the same as that of the tumor. In most cases, Pcm treatment consisted of the isolated administration of sulfanilamide, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ketoconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B. The most common treatment for cancer was surgery, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Of the 25 patients, 12 were cured of Pcm, and 4 died. In 9 patients, the final outcome was unknown. In the general population of the area under study, the prevalence of lung cancer was significantly higher in smokers with Pcm than in smokers without Pcm (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A diagnosis of Pcm appears to increase the risk of lung cancer.

Mycotic infection in various cavitary lung diseases

This study was conduced on 50 cases from Chest Clinic in Benha University Hospital with various cavitary lung abscess, 5 bronchiectasis and 4 bronchogenic carcinoma for the presence of mycotic infection. Patients were investigated clinically and radiologically. Sputum samples were collected and examined by direct microscopic examination using 20% [KOH] and by culture on different media selective for Aspergillus and the isolated fungi were identified by conventional methods. The sera of the patients were also tested for antiaspergillar antibodies by double immunodiffusion [DID]. Aspergillus niger was isolated from sputum of 6 patients [12%] and Aspergillus flavus from one patient only [2%], while aspergillus fumigatus was not detected at all by culture. Candida species were isolated from 21 cases [42%]. The precipitation test [DID] was positive only in one patient [2%] denoting the presence of antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus